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Comparison · Analytics
cairo vs vellum
A side-by-side editorial comparison of cairo and vellum — release velocity, themes, recent moves, and the top alternatives to consider.
Shared themes:r-graphics
cairo vs vellum: at a glance
What is cairo?
Cairo finally catches R's graphics engine, all the way to GE API 16.
Cairo is the R device that renders plots through the cairo library, and until 1.7-0 it lagged R's own graphics engine by several API generations. That release closes the gap to GE API 16 (R 4.5.0), adding fill patterns, masks and groups. The releases before it were maintenance: a segfault shim for grid, a bashism removal in configure, and Windows font and build fixes.
What is vellum?
vellum's bugs are now found by using it, not testing it — the downstream grammar is doing the QA.
The rendering engine shipped nine releases in the two weeks around the end of July, six of them on a single day. Almost every entry is a correctness fix in a capability that worked when drawn and failed when measured, or worked in isolation and failed in composition. The release notes are unusually forensic: each one states the mechanism, the observable symptom, and why the fix mirrors the draw path rather than reimplementing it.
cairo vs vellum: editorial side-by-side
cairo
0.0ANALYTICS
Cairo finally catches R's graphics engine, all the way to GE API 16.
◆ Current state
Cairo is the R device that renders plots through the cairo library, and until 1.7-0 it lagged R's own graphics engine by several API generations. That release closes the gap to GE API 16 (R 4.5.0), adding fill patterns, masks and groups. The releases before it were maintenance: a segfault shim for grid, a bashism removal in configure, and Windows font and build fixes.
◆ Where it's heading
The arc is catch-up, executed one API generation at a time. Glyph rendering arrived in 1.6-3, GE 15 stubs in 1.6-5 existed only to stop grid from segfaulting, and 1.7-0 delivers the real GE 13/14/16 feature set rather than placeholders. Alongside that, dropping the CAIROGD_VER C API and the mkdist step means the package now builds with plain R CMD build, which reads as deliberate reduction of maintenance overhead.
◆ Prediction
Expect the next releases to be corrective rather than additive: the entries show every API adoption here has been followed by a fix release, and patterns, masks and groups are a much larger surface than glyphs were.
vellum
5.0ANALYTICS
vellum's bugs are now found by using it, not testing it — the downstream grammar is doing the QA.
◆ Current state
The rendering engine shipped nine releases in the two weeks around the end of July, six of them on a single day. Almost every entry is a correctness fix in a capability that worked when drawn and failed when measured, or worked in isolation and failed in composition. The release notes are unusually forensic: each one states the mechanism, the observable symptom, and why the fix mirrors the draw path rather than reimplementing it.
◆ Where it's heading
The pivotal detail is stated outright in 0.6.3 — the first bug in the series found by using the engine from vellumplot rather than testing it in isolation. Every release since names the downstream as the source: the contrast rule's false positives, the lint rules that fired on all five sample plots, the keyed roundrect batch. A rendering engine with a real grammar built on top of it is now getting the integration coverage that unit tests structurally cannot provide, and the fixes are converging on one theme: the measurement path and the draw path must not drift.
◆ Prediction
Expect the release rate to fall as the vellumplot integration surface is exhausted, with remaining work concentrated in the lint rule set now that it is meant to gate builds rather than just inform.
Alternatives to cairo and vellum
Other Analytics products tracked by Sparkpulse, ranked by recent ship velocity. Each card links to a full editorial trajectory and lets you pivot into a head-to-head comparison with either cairo or vellum.
geodist
geodist stays dependency-free and fast, and warns you when 'cheap' distances stop being honest.
errors
errors keeps making uncertainty print the way each scientific field expects.
CMAQ
CMAQ went global in v5.5, and has been patching that surface ever since.
enpls
enpls has not changed its statistics since 2016 — only its website, twice.
grex
grex is a lookup table with a version number — it ships when the annotation moves.
See all cairo alternatives → · See all vellum alternatives →
Recent activity from cairo and vellum
Latest ship moves from both products, interleaved chronologically. ⚡ = editorial spark.
- 11d agovellumLinter grows to 20 rules and stops firing on every plot
- 13d agovellumAnimated SVGs no longer blink once and vanish or play in reverse
- 14d agovellumPick table now reports device pixels instead of two coordinate systems
- 15d agovellumContrast rule stops flagging every plot; gridlines become PDF artifacts
- 15d agovellumgrobwidth and grobheight now measure wrapped text, not the unwrapped line
- 15d agovellumKeyed roundrect becomes a real batch after downstream integration exposes it
- 9mo agocairoCairo adds fill patterns, masks and groups (GE API 16) ⚡
- 11mo agocairoCairo 1.6-4: configure cleanup, locatorBell dropped on X11
- 11mo agocairoCairo 1.6-5 stubs GE 15 to stop grid segfaulting
- 2y agocairoCairo 1.6-2
- 2y agocairoCairo 1.6-3 adds glyph rendering for grid.glyph()
Frequently asked questions
What is the difference between cairo and vellum?
Both compete on the same themes — r-graphics — within Analytics. vellum is currently shipping more aggressively (velocity 5.0 vs 0.0), with 0 editorial sparks in the last 30 days against 0. See the at-a-glance table above for a side-by-side breakdown of velocity, recent sparks, and editorial themes.
Is cairo better than vellum?
Sparkpulse doesn't pick a winner — we score release velocity, not feature parity. vellum is currently shipping more aggressively (velocity 5.0 vs 0.0), with 0 editorial sparks in the last 30 days against 0. For your specific use case, the alternatives sections above list other Analytics products to evaluate alongside.
What are the best alternatives to cairo?
Top cairo alternatives in Analytics are ranked by recent ship velocity. Browse the "cairo alternatives" section above for the current picks, or visit /alternatives/cairo-r for the full list with editorial commentary on each.
What are the best alternatives to vellum?
Top vellum alternatives in Analytics are ranked by recent ship velocity. Browse the "vellum alternatives" section above for the current picks, or visit /alternatives/vellum-r for the full list with editorial commentary on each.