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Comparison · Analytics
cairo vs tmap
A side-by-side editorial comparison of cairo and tmap — release velocity, themes, recent moves, and the top alternatives to consider.
cairo vs tmap: at a glance
What is cairo?
Cairo finally catches R's graphics engine, all the way to GE API 16.
Cairo is the R device that renders plots through the cairo library, and until 1.7-0 it lagged R's own graphics engine by several API generations. That release closes the gap to GE API 16 (R 4.5.0), adding fill patterns, masks and groups. The releases before it were maintenance: a segfault shim for grid, a bashism removal in configure, and Windows font and build fixes.
What is tmap?
Two years after a from-scratch rewrite, tmap is filling in the layers v4 promised.
tmap draws thematic maps in R across static and interactive modes. The 4.0 rewrite replaced the layer syntax with explicit visual variables, scales, legends and charts, and opened the package to extensions; the 4.x line since has been steady capability fill-in. The 4.4 release adds tm_circles with fixed unit-based radii, a blend argument on every layer, and hitboxes so small objects stay clickable in view mode.
cairo vs tmap: editorial side-by-side
cairo
0.0ANALYTICS
Cairo finally catches R's graphics engine, all the way to GE API 16.
◆ Current state
Cairo is the R device that renders plots through the cairo library, and until 1.7-0 it lagged R's own graphics engine by several API generations. That release closes the gap to GE API 16 (R 4.5.0), adding fill patterns, masks and groups. The releases before it were maintenance: a segfault shim for grid, a bashism removal in configure, and Windows font and build fixes.
◆ Where it's heading
The arc is catch-up, executed one API generation at a time. Glyph rendering arrived in 1.6-3, GE 15 stubs in 1.6-5 existed only to stop grid from segfaulting, and 1.7-0 delivers the real GE 13/14/16 feature set rather than placeholders. Alongside that, dropping the CAIROGD_VER C API and the mkdist step means the package now builds with plain R CMD build, which reads as deliberate reduction of maintenance overhead.
◆ Prediction
Expect the next releases to be corrective rather than additive: the entries show every API adoption here has been followed by a fix release, and patterns, masks and groups are a much larger surface than glyphs were.
tmap
0.0ANALYTICS
Two years after a from-scratch rewrite, tmap is filling in the layers v4 promised.
◆ Current state
tmap draws thematic maps in R across static and interactive modes. The 4.0 rewrite replaced the layer syntax with explicit visual variables, scales, legends and charts, and opened the package to extensions; the 4.x line since has been steady capability fill-in. The 4.4 release adds tm_circles with fixed unit-based radii, a blend argument on every layer, and hitboxes so small objects stay clickable in view mode.
◆ Where it's heading
The extension mechanism introduced in 4.0 is where the interesting work is migrating: PMTiles support arrived through a separate experimental tmap.sources package, mode cycling became configurable via tmap_mode_pool() so packages like tmap.mapgl can register themselves, and shiny dispatch methods were added specifically to let other modes integrate. The core package is increasingly a rendering contract that satellite packages plug into.
◆ Prediction
Expect more rendering backends to land as sibling packages rather than in tmap itself, with the core continuing to absorb the dispatch and mode-management plumbing they need.
Alternatives to cairo and tmap
Other Analytics products tracked by Sparkpulse, ranked by recent ship velocity. Each card links to a full editorial trajectory and lets you pivot into a head-to-head comparison with either cairo or tmap.
geodist
geodist stays dependency-free and fast, and warns you when 'cheap' distances stop being honest.
errors
errors keeps making uncertainty print the way each scientific field expects.
CMAQ
CMAQ went global in v5.5, and has been patching that surface ever since.
enpls
enpls has not changed its statistics since 2016 — only its website, twice.
grex
grex is a lookup table with a version number — it ships when the annotation moves.
Recent activity from cairo and tmap
Latest ship moves from both products, interleaved chronologically. ⚡ = editorial spark.
- 1mo agotmapDocumentation-only patch tidying man-page titles
- 1mo agotmaptm_circles, layer blending and clickable small objects
- 9mo agocairoCairo adds fill patterns, masks and groups (GE API 16) ⚡
- 11mo agocairoCairo 1.6-4: configure cleanup, locatorBell dropped on X11
- 11mo agocairoCairo 1.6-5 stubs GE 15 to stop grid segfaulting
- 1y agotmaptmap v4 rewritten from scratch with a new layer syntax ⚡
- 1y agotmapFinal 3.x release before the v4 rewrite
- 2y agocairoCairo 1.6-2
- 2y agocairoCairo 1.6-3 adds glyph rendering for grid.glyph()
Frequently asked questions
What is the difference between cairo and tmap?
They serve adjacent needs but don't currently overlap on shipped themes. cairo and tmap are shipping at a similar cadence (velocity 0.0 vs 0.0, both within Sparkpulse's "active" band). See the at-a-glance table above for a side-by-side breakdown of velocity, recent sparks, and editorial themes.
Is cairo better than tmap?
Sparkpulse doesn't pick a winner — we score release velocity, not feature parity. cairo and tmap are shipping at a similar cadence (velocity 0.0 vs 0.0, both within Sparkpulse's "active" band). For your specific use case, the alternatives sections above list other Analytics products to evaluate alongside.
What are the best alternatives to cairo?
Top cairo alternatives in Analytics are ranked by recent ship velocity. Browse the "cairo alternatives" section above for the current picks, or visit /alternatives/cairo-r for the full list with editorial commentary on each.
What are the best alternatives to tmap?
Top tmap alternatives in Analytics are ranked by recent ship velocity. Browse the "tmap alternatives" section above for the current picks, or visit /alternatives/tmap-r for the full list with editorial commentary on each.